Unit one
How To Improve Your Study Habits
 
词汇短语 1 - 2 - 3
 
 
(一)重点词汇和短语

1. buck n. 美元(俚语) [同] US dollar

[例句] To work is not only for buck for most of the people. 对多数人而言,工作并非仅仅是为挣钱。

[考点]该词为俚语,一般用于朋友或同事之间谈话,但不适合于好的写作或正式场合。

2. plastic adj. 塑料的 ;易受影响的

[例子] a plastic substance可塑物质;plastic cups 塑料杯 the plastic arts 造型艺术
the plastic mind of children 孩子们易受影响的思想 plastic surgery 整形外科
the plastic mind of a child 易受影响的儿童心灵

[记忆法] 派生法:plastics n. 可塑物;塑胶学 plasticity n. 可塑性


3.doorknob n. 门把手 [同] doorhandle


[例句] The doorknob on the door is missing. 门上的把手不见了。

[记忆法] 合成法:doorbell n. 门铃 door-step n. 门阶 doorway n. 门口

4.leisurely adj. 从容的 [同] unhurried [反] hurried
adv. 从容地 [同] unhurriedly [反] hurriedly


[例句] He is making a leisurely inspection of the spot. 他正在不慌不忙地检查现场。(adj.)
They love to walk leisurely in the campus after supper. 他们喜欢晚饭后在校园里优闲地散步。(adv.)

[记忆法] 派生法:leisure n. 空闲,从容

[考点] 习惯用法 :leisurely 既可作形容词,又可作副词,要根据具体情况判断。
如 work leisurely 中地leisurely 修饰动词work ,为副词;
在leisurely movements 中它修饰地是名词,所以是形容词。

5.leisure. n. 空暇 [同]spare time

[例句] What do you do in your leisure time? 你空闲时间做些什么?
They are so busy to have no leisure to take care of their garden. 他们忙得没有闲暇照料花园。

[记忆法]和leisurely 结合起来记忆

[考点]leisure 为不可数名词,一般无法用数目来计算,也没有复数形式。
习惯用法: at leisure 空闲的
I am seldom at leisure . 我很少有空闲。
At one's leisure 在某人空闲时
Please look through these books at your leisure. 请你在空闲时间翻阅这些书。

6.lucrative adj. 有利的、赚钱的 [同] profitable

[例子] a lucrative business 赚钱的生意;a lucrative target 可获战果的攻击目标

[考点] 常用作军事用意为:值得作为目标的。例: a lucrative target 有利目标

7.pain n & vt. 使痛苦

[例句] His bad behavior caused his parents a great deal of pain. 他的不良行为使他的父母感到非常痛苦
No pains, no gains. ( No gains without pains) (谚) 不劳则无获。
Everybody's pained to see such wastefulness. 任何人看到这种浪费现象都会很痛心的。

[记忆法] 派生法:painful adj. 痛的,使痛苦的 painless adj. 无痛的 pained adj . 痛苦的,难过的

[考点]习惯用法:take pain to do sth. 煞费苦心做事
He took pains to please his wife. 他费尽心思取悦他的妻子。

[辨析]hurt , pain 和ache:
hurt (cause pain to one's body or mind) 是这三个动词中最常用,最不正式的,它不仅用于指肉体上的伤害,而且还可以表示精神上的或感情上的伤害。
My leg hurts .我的腿疼。
She was deeply hurt by his unkind words. 她被他刻薄的话深深伤害了。
pain (cause to feel pain in the mind ) 表示的伤害程度比hurt 更加严重;由于较正式,常在文学作品中使用; 它的主语通常是it.
It pained her to admit that she was wrong. 承认自己的错误,使她感到很痛苦。
It pains me to have to leave ,but I must. 我非走不可,这使我感到很痛苦。
ache(have/suffer a continuous , but not violent pain) 仅表示肉体上的痛苦,是持续的隐隐之痛,而不是剧烈的疼痛,它不能用来表示精神上的痛苦。
He walked slowly as though in ached to move. 他步伐很慢,仿佛走动是痛苦的。
I ache all over. 我浑身痛。
My head aches . 我头疼。

8.panhandle vi. 行乞,在街上行乞『同』beg.

[例句] He used up all his money and had to panhandled to the passersby. 他花光了所有的子儿,只得向路人乞讨。

[记忆法] 合成法: pan (平底锅)+handle (柄)→提着平底锅沿街乞讨。

[考点] 仅限于美国口语使用。Panhandle 还有一个同义:国柄地带,即突出的一块大地域的狭长地带。

9.delivery (1)vt. 送(货物、信件等),投递

[例句]Will you be able to deliver the goods t my house?你们能把货送到我家吗?
(2)vi.发表(演说等)

[例句]The President was invited to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony.
总统受到邀请在开幕式上作演讲。

3)n. 投递,送交

[例句] There is no delivery of letters on Sundays. 星期日不送信。

[记忆法] 派生法:deliver vt. 递送; 拯救 deliverer n. 递送者;拯救者 deliverance n. 拯救

[考点]习惯用法: on delivery 送达时,交货时
You can get your pay on delivery .你送货时可得到工钱。
take delivery of 收到
When can you take delivery of the new book? 你何时能收到新书?
delivery note 交货单

[典型考题] We guarantee prompt ____of goods .
A. delivery B. arrival C. carriage D. service

[试题辨析] 译文: 我们保证送货迅速。 delivery 送货,传送 arrival 到达,到来 carriage 马车,客车 service 服务,帮助

10.enthuse vi. 热心于

[例句] He was enthusing about his new pocket cassette recorder.他对自己的新袖珍录音机爱不释手。

[记忆法] 派生法:enthusiasm n. 热心,热爱 enthusiastic adj. 热心的 enthusiastically adv. 热心地

[考点] 习惯用法: enthuse over 热心于
He enthuses over politics. 他热衷于政治。

11. inquire (=enquire) vt. 询问 [同] ask

[例句] I'll inquire about the flights.我将打听有关航班的情况。
She inquired after my mother's health.她问起我母亲的健康情况。
The director inquired of me about / concerning our work.厂长向我了解了我们工作的情况。
inquire a person's name 问一个人的姓名
We inquired into his story, and found it was true.
我们调查了他所讲的事情,发现属实。

[记忆法] 派生法:inquirer n.询问者 inquiring adj. 爱询问的 inquiry n. 询问,探问

[考点]习惯用法:inquire sth. of sb. 询问
I inquired the reason of him 。 我向他询问原因
inquired into 调查
We must inquire into the matter.我们必须调查此事。

[典型考题] The students _____the teacher ,but he couldn't remember the exact exam results of every one. [A]
A. inquired of B. inquired after C. inquired for D. inquired about

[试题解析] 译文: 学生们向老师询问考试结果,可老师不记得每个人的情况。
inquire of sb. 询问某人 inquire after 问及健康情况 inquire for 询问…..inquire about 打听

12. super adj. (口语的非正式用法)非常棒的,出色的, 杰出的,上佳的 『同』excellent ,splendid

[例句] We had a super day at the seaside. 我们在海边度过了美好的一天。
It's a supper place to have a holiday.这是个度假的绝佳去处。

[记忆法] 派生法 : super 可用作前缀,表示"超级,过度"。例如:supernatural adj. 超自然的 supermarket n. 超市 supersonic adj. 超声的


13.snap 1) vt. 厉声说,(生气地)大声说
2)vi. 突然折断


[例句] I'm sorry I snapped at you just now.我很抱歉刚才对你厉声说话。
The branch snapped under the heavy weight of the snow.
在积雪地重压下树枝折断了。

[记忆法] 派生法:snappy adj. 精力充沛的 snappish adv. 急躁地 snappishness n. 急躁

[考点] snap at sb. 向某人厉声说
He tends to snap at people when he gets inpatient.
他一不耐烦的时候就对人没有好气。
snap one's finger at sb. /in sb's face 向某人或某人面弹指(通常表示轻视)
He snapped his finger at me before he left. 他离开之前当面对我弹指。

14. pull up: bring or come to a stop(使)停下

[例句]The driver pulled up his car at the entrance.司机把汽车停在大门口。
Having pulled up his horse he dismounted and walked up to us.
他勒住马,然后下马朝我们走来。
You are supposed to pull up at the traffic light.你应该在红绿灯处停车。

15.insert v 插入 n. 插页

[例句] He inserted the key in the lock but could not open the door. 他把钥匙插入锁中但没能打开门。
The insert in the newspaper is an advertisement of automobiles. 报纸插页是一则汽车广告。

[记忆法] 派生法:insert vt./n. 插入 insertion n. 插入

[考点]insert 用作名词时是可数名词,而 insertion表示的是一个抽象的概念,是不可数名词。
The newspaper had an insert of pages of pictures. 该报带有数页插图。
audio insertion 音频插入