17．prescribe vt. advise or order the use of some medicine 开药

[例句]　The doctor prescribed radiotherapy for him.医生要他做放射治疗。
The law prescribes what should be done. 法律规定什么是该做的。
What punishment does the law prescribe for corruption?　法律规定对贪污行贿该处以什么刑罚?
The doctor prescribed total abstinence.　医生嘱咐病人戒酒。

[记忆法] 派生法 ：prescription n.命令，指示，规定，法规；药方，处方　prescriptive adj.规定的，指示的　　

［考点］习惯用法：　prescribe sth .(for sth.) 为某人开药方
The doctor prescribed a new medicine for my cough.医生为我的咳嗽开了种新药。
The doctor prescribed a one -month-long holiday for his depression. 医生为他的情绪沮丧开了一个月的假期。

18．sleet n. falling snow or hail mixed with rain 雨夹雪，冻雨

[例句]It showered sleet yesterday. 昨天下了冰雹。

[记忆法] 派生法：sleety adj. 雨夹雪的

19．brush n.. 1) land covered by small trees and shrubs; undergrowth 矮灌木丛； 断落的树枝 [同] bush, shrub 2) 刷,掸，3) 轻碰，3) 小冲突

[例句]He found a bird in the bush. 他在灌木丛中找到一只鸟。
Give my coat a brush. 把我的大衣刷一刷。
He felt the brush of her dress. 他感觉到她的裙子轻轻碰著他。
a brush with the police
与警察发生的小冲突

20．varnish n.（清漆形成的）光泽面 v. put a hard shiny transparent materials on something 给……上清漆，使有光泽

[例句]：The varnish protected the table from being damaged. 光泽面保护桌子不受损坏。
Scrape the old paint off, sand the surface down, and then varnish over it. 刮掉旧漆, 用砂纸将表面打磨光, 然后涂漆。
[记忆法]注意一个与其拼音写只差一个字母的词 tarnish v. 使失去光泽，使变灰暗，二者可以作为反义词。

21． creek n.. small river 小溪 [同] brook

[例句]The creek teems with much shore wildlife. 这条小溪生活着众多海岸野生动物.

22. slither v. slide or slip unsteadily 不稳定地滑动

[例句]Tom slithered down the icy slope. 汤姆从结了冰的山坡上滑了下来。

[辨析] slip, slide, slither:
这三个动词都有"滑"的意思。
①slip：指走或跑时"失足,滑倒"。
I slipped on the snow and sprained my ankle.我在雪地上滑倒,扭伤了脚踝。
Tom slipped on the icy road and broke his leg.汤姆在结冰的路上滑倒并摔断了腿。
②slide：指在光滑的平面上"平稳地滑动"。
The drawers of this desk slide in and out easily.这张桌子的抽屉容易拉进拉出。
The children are sliding on the ice.孩子们在滑冰。
③slither指"不稳地滑动",同slide in an uneasy way
We slithered all the way here in the heavy snow.在大雪中我们一路连跌带滑地来到这儿.
There was no sound except our feet slithering among the roots.除了我们在树根间蹒跚地潜行的脚步声外听不见任何其他的声音。

23．flush vt. 1) Cause birds to fly suddenly from undergrowth 使惊飞；2)clean with a rush of water 冲洗
vi. Become red because of a rush of blood to the skin (脸)发红，（鸟）惊飞

[例句]The dog rushed over and flushed some wild birds. 狗冲了过去，惊起了一些野鸟。
The lavatory won't flush; I've tried flushing it several times, but it won't work.. 厕所还是塞住了,我已经试过用水冲了好几次,但没有效果。
She flushed with anger. 她气得脸发红。
She was flushed with excitement when she learned that she had won the first prize. 当她得知自己得了头奖时,她兴奋得满脸通红。

[辨析]：flush 和 blush, color, redden： 四者都有"（脸）变红"的意思。
blush 专用于描写女性，由于冲动，窘迫，害臊而脸红。用于描写男性表示有女子气。
She blushed for (with) shame. 她因羞愧而脸红。
She blushed at the thought of …她想起……就脸红。
I blushed for you. 我替你脸红（感觉羞耻）。
He blushed every time she spoke to him. 她每次同他说话，他就脸红。
color 与blush 相近，可用于女人，也可用于男人。
He colored whenever she spoke to him, 每逢她同他说话，他就脸红。
The girl is so shy that she colors (up) whenever a man spoke to her. 那女孩非常害羞，每当男的跟她说话时她就脸红。
flush 与 color 相似，可代替blush， 比较通用，并且可指因发烧引起的脸发红。
The doctor said that child looked flushed, and told her to stay in bed because she had a fever. 医生说这孩子脸色发红正在发烧，叮嘱她卧床休息。
The boy flushed bright red with shame. 那南海羞得满脸通红。
redden 与 color 相似，可替代blush, 与flush 一样，可指因其他感情冲动而脸色变红。
He redden with anger. 他因愤怒而脸涨得通红。
She reddened at the sound of their praises. 听到他们的赞扬声，她脸红了。

24．covey n.. small flock of 一小群

[例句]：A covey of birds flied from the brush. 灌木丛中飞出一小群鸟。

[辨析]：covey, pack, herd 和flock 这四个词都有"一群"的意思。
covey 通常指一群（鸟），尤指鹧鸠（partridge）
pack 通常指一群（猎狗或野兽），例：a pack of hounds 一群猎狗 a pack of wolves 一群狼
herd 兽群，尤指牛群，例：a herd of cattle/elephants/deer 一群牛/象/鹿。
flock 鸟群；兽群；（通常指）羊群，例：a flock of wild geese 一群雁 flocks and herds 羊群和牛群

25． quail n. small bird, similar to a partridge 鹌鹑

[记忆法] 联想记忆：sparrow 麻雀 swallow 燕子 pigeon 鸽子 crow 乌鸦 robin 知更鸟 skylark 云雀 cuckoo 杜鹃，布谷鸟 nightingale 夜莺

[考点] quail 的复数形式有两种 quail 或 quails。

26． overhang v. hang over or stand out over like a shelf 悬于……之上，突出于……之上

[例句]：A dark sky overhangs the earth.　昏暗的天空笼罩大地。
A pestilence overhangs the country.　瘟疫威胁着那个国家。
The threat of nuclear war overhangs modern society.　当今社会弥漫着核战争的危险

[记忆法] 派生法 ：over- 表示"在……上面"，"在……上空"，如：overland adj. 陆上的；经由陆路的 adv. 陆上，通过陆路 overhead adj. 在头顶上的 adv. 在头顶上 overlay v. 在…上铺（或盖）

[考点]其过去式和过去分词为overhung, overhung, 没有overhanged, overhanged 。

27． light v. 1.v.
①(cause to)start to burn点火,点燃

[例句]He lit(up)a cigarette and was lost in thought.他点燃一支烟,陆人沉思之中。
The fire doesn't light-这火点不着。

②give light to 照亮，点亮

[例句]Light the auditorium during intermission.幕间休息时,点亮礼堂的灯.
The room is lit by several candies.这房间用几只蜡烛照明。

③(cause to)become bright with excitement使容光焕发,春风满面

[例句]Her eyes lit up when she saw her mother.她见到妈妈时,眼睛一亮.
A smile lit up his face-灿烂的一笑,使他满面春风。

④come to rest, settle停,落草理·

[例句]The butterfly lit on a leaf.蝴蝶落在一片树叶上.
The bird lit on a branch. 鸟飞落在树枝上。
[考点]习惯用法: light的过去分词有两种lighted和lit, 除在名词前作定语外,一般情况下都使用lit作它的过去分词:
He lit a match-他擦亮一根火架。
The match is lit.这根火柴点着了.
This is a lighted match.这是一根点燃的火柴。

2.n. 光线; 发光体, 灯; 点燃物; 观点, 角度

常用固定短语:
in a good/bad light从好的/坏的角度
in (the)light of 鉴于,根据,由于
throw/shed light on使人明白,阐明,使……清楚显示

3.作形容词

①not heavy轻的,分量不重的
a light suitcase一个轻的衣箱
light rainfall 小雨
②not powerful, severe serious轻松愉快的,轻微的:
[例句]A light touch is needed in playing quiet music.弹奏柔和的乐曲时,需要轻轻地弹。
Light reading轻松的读物
③(of sleep)not deep容易醒的,睡不沉的
[例句]She is a light sleeper and easy to be waken up.她觉轻,容易被弄醒。

28．scatter v. 1). spread widely 散播,播撒,洒,到处放; 2 ) (cause to )separate, go off in ail directions散开,使分散,驱散

[例句] The farmer scattered seeds over the field.农夫在田里撒了种子。
She always scatters her clothes all over her room.她老是把衣服放得屋里到处都是。
The farmer scattered the corn in the yard for the hens. 农民把谷子撒在院子里喂鸡。
The birds scattered when a shot was fired.枪一响,鸟群四处飞散。
The sun soon scattered the clouds.太阳很快驱散了乌云。
A gust of wind scattered leaves all over the yard-一阵风吹得树叶在院子里四处散落。
The crowd scattered when the police car arrived.警车一到,人群就散开了。
Don't scatter your strength .　不要分散精力。

[考点] 其过去分词scattered 可作为形容词，意思是"散布各方的；离散的；分散的; 零星的"。
a few scattered fishing villages 一些疏疏落落的渔村
scattered applause from the bored audience从厌倦的观众中发出的稀稀落落的掌声。
a thinly scattered population 稀疏的人口

[典型考题] The birds at the sound of the gun. [B]
A. spread B. scattered C. flied D. sped

[试题解析] 译文：听到枪响，鸟四散飞去。spread 传播，蔓延; scatter 散开；fly 的过去式是flew ; sped 是speed 的过去式。

29．unsteady adj. 坚固的，牢靠的，稳定的 steadily adv. 坚固地，稳定地

[例句]　The market is quite unsteady.　这个市场是相当不稳定的。

30．icy adj. as cold as ice; covered with ice 冰的，被覆盖的，冰冷的[同]chilly, freezing

[例句]　 Icy roads are dangerous. 覆盖着冰的道路很危险。
My hands are icy. 我两手冰冷。
He gave me an icy look. 他冷冷地看了我一眼。