32．keep from：①prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。

[例句] We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们得阻止他们得知我们的计划。something should be done to keep the roof from falling down. 应该做点什么阻止屋顶塌下来.

②refrain抑制

[例句]I could hardly keep from laughing. 我忍不住笑了出来.
She managed to keep from flying into rage. 她设法抑制住了怒气。

33. take it/things easy. ①not to worry too much 不着急,从容

[例句]Take it easy. You still have ten minutes to finish it 别着急。你还有10分钟时间.
Take it easy. The interviewer is very kind.别慌,面试官很和蔼的。
②relax, not work too hard or to much 松弛,松懈
[例句]I like to take things easy when I am on holiday. 我休假的时候喜欢让自己松懈下来。We must not take things easy, though we have had good harvests several years on end. 虽然连续几年丰收,我们还是决不能松劲。

34．Hold tight onto oneself; keep firm control over oneself 牢牢控制住自己,克制住自己

[例句]In spite of his great fear, the little boy held tight onto himself and didn't let out a sound. 虽然极度恐惧,小男孩紧紧控制住自己,没发出一点声音。
You should remember to hold tight onto yourself when you become excited. 你得记着激动时一定要控制住自己.

35. commence v. begins start 开始 [同]begin,　start

[例句] We commence building on March 18th.　我们于三月十八日开工。
The mass meeting commenced in Tiananmen Square at 8 o'clock..　群众大会八时在天安门开始。

[考点] 习惯用法：commence to do sth./ commence doing sth. 开始做某事
After grace had been said, we commenced eating.在祷告说完后,我们开始吃饭。
After the election, the new government commenced to develop the roads. 大选之后,新政府开始发展道路。

[辨析] Commence，start 和begin:
Commence 比begin 和start 要正式。其名词 commencement 除"开始"的意思外,还可以做"毕业典礼"讲。

[典型考题] The Space Age in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union. [D]
A. initiated B. originated C. embarked D. commenced

[试题解析] 译文：太空时代开始于1957年10月, 即由苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星。
A. initiate 创始、发动； B. originate 发生、发起； C. embark 上船;从事、开始摘； D. commence开始。

36. absolutely adv. completely, definitely, no doubt 绝对地;完全地

[例句]　He refused absolutely. 他彻底拒绝了。
He is absolutely wrong.　他完全错了。
It's absolutely impossible.　这绝对不可能。

[考点] 注意absolutely相对应的名词为absoluteness, 而不是absolution, absolution 来自动词absolve赦免(某人)罪恶; 解除(承诺或责任)。absolution赦免;赦罪

[典型考题] He is quite sure that it's impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A. roughly B. exclusively C. fully D. absolutely [D]

[试题解析] 译文: 他很清楚这一点:对他来说两天内完成这项任务是绝对不可能的。
absolute"十足的, 道地的; 绝对的, 完全的; 不受任何限制(或约束)的"。rough"粗糙的;粗野的,粗暴的; 混乱的, 暴乱的, 喧闹的；艰难的, 不愉快的；粗略的, 大致的; 未加工的, 粗制的；狂暴的, 汹涌的"；exclusive" 奢华的, 高级的；独有的, 独享的；排斥的, 排他的；（of）不包括……的, 不把……计算在内的"。fully 充分地，完全地

37. gaze v. look long and steadily for admiration or in surprise凝视,盯　n　注视，凝视

[例句]　The child gazed at the toys in the shop window. 　孩子眼睛盯着商店橱窗里的玩具。
The general turned his gaze from one person to the other present at the summit meeting.　将军把凝视的目光从出席高级会议的一个人转向另一个人。

[辨析]: gaze, look, glance, glare, glimpse, pear 和 stare:
look: pay attention to; observe这个词是最常用词,指用眼睛朝某物看。
look out of the window 朝窗外看
The little girl looked sorrowfully at her text book torn in half. 那个小姑娘伤心地看着被撕成两半的课本。
gaze: look steadily凝视, 注视, 强调目不转睛地注意地凝望,这种凝望是由于惊奇、喜好或兴趣而引起, 常与介词at, on, upon连用。
She gazed upon him in bewilderment. 她茫然地凝视着他。
For-hours, she sat still gazing at the stars. 她呆呆地坐着注视群星长达几个小时。
glance: take a quick look 匆匆地一瞥, 粗略地一看, 瞥见。强调指心不在焉地或匆忙地看某人或某物。
She glanced shyly at him out of the corners of her eyes. 她害羞地用眼角看了他一眼。She glanced at the newspaper and missed the important news. 她浏览了一下报纸,结果错过了那条重要新闻。
glare: stare angrily or fiercely 刺眼强光, 怒目而视, 此词特别强调用不满意神色怒视某人或某物。
They stood glaring at each other. 他们站着相互怒目而视。
He glared at me like a bull at a red rag.他对我怒目而视,犹如斗牛时,牛怒视红布一般。
glimpse: take a short look看一眼, 投目一瞥, 用于指匆匆一眼, 不清楚地看到,且为瞬息的。
I glimpsed her dress when she went by. 当她走过时,我瞥见她的衣服。
peer: look closely or carefully as if unable to see 细看,凝视,盯着。强调用眼睛细细察看, 短暂地向前望去, 要清楚地看到某物还很困难的情况, 常与剖, into连用, 后接某物。
He peered into his wallet to see if he had enough money to pay the bill. 他查看一下他的钱包看是否有足够付账的钱。
He is peering at her over his spectacles. 他从他的眼镜上方盯着她看。
stare v. look at someone with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze, usually in a fear, astonish or wonder 凝视, 盯着看, 这种凝望主要是出于好奇心, 粗鲁无礼, 惊讶或愚蠢。
Children should be taught not to stare at handicapped people. 教育孩子不要盯着残疾人看。
The elderly woman at the next table tried to stare me down.邻桌的那位老妇人盯得我局促不安。
[典型考题] They at me when I told them about the gold I had found. [B]
A.grasped B.gazed C.stared D.glared
[试题解析] 译文： 当我告诉他们我发现了黄金的事,他们都吃惊地望着我。 grasp抓紧; gaze (因吃惊而张大嘴巴)凝视; stare〈因生气、好奇、害怕或沉思而〉凝视; glare怒视,瞪眼

38. slack adj. 1）not tight or tense loose松弛的, 放松的 [同] relaxed；2）萧条的，不景气的
v. 减慢；放松；松弛

[例句]　The string around the parcel was slack.　包裹上的绳子松了。
Trade is slack this week. 这周的买卖不景气。
He slacked his pace as the sun grew hot. 太阳越来越热，他的脚步也随着放慢了下来。

[记忆法] 派生法 ： slacken v. 使松弛; 使缓慢; 变松弛; 变缓慢 slackly adv. 松弛地; 懈怠地

[考点] 习惯用法: be slack in(doing) sth. 懒散地做事
He was so slack in his work that the boss dismissed him immediately. 他干活如此懒散, 老板马上解雇了他。