16.prefer
vt.更喜欢,宁愿
[例句]He prefers to dictate his letters rather than write them.他喜欢口授信件,不愿自己写信。
[记忆法] 派生法:preference n. 偏爱,更喜欢; preferable adj. 更可取的,更好一些
[考点]习惯用法:prefer to do…rather than do宁愿……也不; prefer to do sth.宁愿做; prefer
doing to doing宁愿……也不,喜欢……胜过……
I prefer swimming to skiing.我喜欢游泳胜过滑冰。
[典型考题]We prefer to discuss the plan fully it in practice hurriedly. [C]
A. than put B. to put C. rather than put D. to putting
[试题解析]译文:我们宁愿仔细讨论计划而不匆匆投入实践。见[考点]。 17.
latter adj.后面的,后半的 n.(两者中的)后者 (the latter)
[例句]Of the two latter is much better than the former.两者中后者比前者好得多。
[考点]latter的反义词为former 在前的; 如: the latter half of the month后半月,下半月
[典型考题]The former focuses on the natural world; the starts with human beings
and studies how human beings and their environment act upon each other.(1991.6)
[D]
A. second B. later B. next D. latter
[试题解析]the former…the latter…是固定用法,指两者中的"前者……后者……"。second, next一般与first连用;later迟的,晚的
18. conflict vi.冲突,斗争 [同]clash; n.冲突,斗争;
[同]battle struggle
[例句]Their views conflict with ours.他们的观点同我们的观点不一致。
[考点]习惯用法:conflict with sth. /sb. be in conflict with sth. /sb.
[典型考题]The governor's refusal to apply the law brought him into with the
federal government. [A]
A. conflict B. confirmation C. confinement D. conformation
[试题解析]confirmation证实,肯定;confinement界限;conformation形状,限定
19. unquestioning adj.不质问的,不质疑的,无异议的
[例句]I am surprised at his unquestioning obedience this time.我对他这次无异议的遵从感到很奇怪。
[记忆法]un-question-ing
[辨析] unquestioning, unquestioned, unquestionable:
unquestioning无异议的,不质疑的
unquestioned 未受到质问的或质疑的。
unquestionable 无疑的,确定的
20. agreement n.同意,一致
[例句]The two countries are in agreement on that issue. 两国对那一问题看法一致。
[记忆法]agreement由动词agree加后缀ment构成名词 还有一些动词可以加后缀ment构成名词 如:attain v.获得,达到
attainment n.达到,到达 enlighten v.启蒙,启发--enlightenment n.启迪,启蒙 invest v.投资--investment
n.投资
[考点]习惯用法: in agreement with
I am in agreement with what you have said.我同意你听说的。
[典型考题]They didn't come to a (n) yesterday. [C]
A. consent B. bargain C. agreement D. consequence
[试题解析]consent一般指上级批准或接受下级的建议等;bargain指交易、买卖,其常用搭配为strike a bargain=reach
an agreement; consequence指结果,后果。这三个都不合题意。
21. critic n.评论家,评论者
[例句]He became a famous critic. 他成为一个著名的评论家。
[记忆法]由词根critic构成的词还有:critical adj.批判的,批评的 criticism n.批评,批判,评论 criticize
vt.批评,批判
22. act on按照……行事
[例句]:Acting on her advice, I went there by plane.按照她的建议,我乘飞机去了那儿。
They acted on the previously-determined plan.他们按预定计划办。
23. resent vt.对……不满,对……怨恨
[例句]Disabled people usually resent being pitied upon. 残疾人通常对人们给与他们的怜悯表示不快。
[考点]resent的名词形式为resentment忿恨、憎恨 resent后加动名词作宾语 He resents being criticized.他忿恨被别人批评。[注]resent后不能加不定式resent
to do sth. (错)
24. action n. 行动过程,行动,作用
[例句]The action of an acid on metal is very big.酸对金属的作用很大。
[记忆法] 派生法: 一些动词后可以加后缀-tion构成名词 react v.反应,作用--reaction n.归国,归属 declare
vt.宣丰,公告,声称--declaration n. 声朝,宣言
[考点] 习惯用法: the action on…对……的作用
25. custom n.习俗,习惯
[例句]It is the family's custom to go out driving after Sunday dinner. 星期日晚饭之后驾车外出是这家人的习惯。
[辨析] custom 和habit:
custom多指团体,部族间共同的习俗。
habit指个别人的习惯
[考点] 派生法:由custom作词缀构成的单词有:customary adj.习惯的,惯例的 customer n.顾客,主顾 customs
n.海关
[典型考题]Social vary from country to country. [C]
A. habits B. traditions C. customs D. manners
[试题解析] 译文:国与国之间社会习俗各不相同。custom指群体的习惯和行为模式;habit多指个人的行为习惯;tradition多强调历史上沿袭下来的习惯;manner礼貌,常用复数形式,作"方式"之意时常用单数。
26. living adj.活着的,n.生活,生计
[例句]No man living could have done better. 当今的人没有一个能做得更好。
It may not be the best job in the world, but it's a living. 尽管这不是世界上最好的工作,但不失为生活的出路。
[记忆法] 派生法:live adj. 活的,有生命的,活生生的 alive adj.活着的,活跃,活泼 lively adj. 活泼的,活跃的,逼真的
livelihood n.生计,生活
[辨析] living, alive, live:
living作定语可放在名词前,也可放在名词后,可修饰物;
如:living beings生物
living也可作名词
如:the standard of living生活水平。
alive常作表语,作定语时要后置
如:The fish is alive.这条鱼是活的。
the happiest child alive.世上最幸福的孩子。
Live只能修饰物
如:a live cigarette 一支燃着的烟。
27. remark vi.说,评论说 vt. 说,评论,注意到 n.话语,评论
[例句] I couldn't help remarking on her youth. 我脱口而出说她那么年轻。
We all remarked the likeness between father and son. 我们都注意到了父子之间的相似之处。
In the light of your remarks, we rejected her offer. 鉴于你的评语,我们拒绝了她的提议。
[考点] 习惯用法: remark on评论说
During his speech, he remarked on the changes of his hometown.他在谈话中讲到了家乡的变化。
28.leave behind丢弃,留下,忘带
[例句]:Can you lend me a pen? I have left mine behind.他能借给我一支钢笔吗?我忘带了。
Take care not to leave anything behind.当心不要忘了任何东西。
29. idealism n.理想主义,唯心主义
[例句]Idealism has no place in modern politics. 在当代政治生活中,理想主义根本行不通。
[记忆法] 派生法 : 一些名词后缀ism,表示……主义 如:social社会--socialism社会主义 individual个人--individualism个人主义
material物质--materialism唯物主义 capital资本--capitalism资本主义
30. archeology n.考古学
[记忆法] 派生法: 一些以+logy结尾的名词,表示……学,如:sociology n.社会学 histology n.组织学(生) typology
n.类型学 morphology n.形态学 此外还有一些以-phy结尾的名词,表示……学 如:philosophy n.哲学 geography
n.地理学
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