32．revert v.恢复（原状，原来习惯）

[例句] My thought reverted to my childhood days. 我的思想回到童年时期。
The stress he felt made him revert to his old habit of smoking. 他所受到的压力使他恢复了吸烟的习惯。
He's stopped drinking, but he may revert to it again.
他现在不喝酒了，但他以后还有可能再喝。

[记忆法] 派生法：revert(re-返回)v.（如上） reversion n.返回 convert v.使改变信仰 reverse (1)adj. 相反的，向后的 （2）v.命名……倒退 （3）n.反面，背面 reversal n.反转，倒转

33．exclusively adv.(1)排他地 [同]no one else (2)专门地 [同]particularly

[例句] This room is for women exclusively.这间屋只供女人使用。

[记忆法]反义记忆：exclude(除去)--include(包括) exclusive(排外的，独自的)--inclusive(包括一切的) exclusively（排他地，专门地）--inclusively（包括一切地）

34．equation n.方程（式），等式

[例句] The equation of wealth with happiness can be dangerous. 把财富与幸
福等同起来有时候是很危险的。

[记忆法] 派生法：equally平等的adv.平等地 equality n.平等 equivalence n.平等 equate v.使平等，使平等 equalize v.使平等 equator n.赤道

35．photoelectric adj.光电的

[记忆法]复合构词法：photogenic adj.（尤指人）上照的，适于拍照的 photograph n.照片 photographer n.摄影师 photographic adj.摄影（术）的 photography n.摄影术 photosensitive感光的 photosynthesis n.光合作用

36．series n. 一系列 [同]succession, sequence

[例句] A series of lectures on Einstein's theory of relativity is to be held recently.最近将举办有关爱因斯坦相对论的一系列讲座。

[记忆法]联想记忆：以下是与series发音近似，词形未必近似，词意也不相同的一组词：serious [ ]adj.严肃的 cereal [ ]n.谷类（植物）

[考点]习惯用法：单复数同形 a series of一系列的，一连串的，接复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。

37. relatively adv.相对地，比较地

[例句] Considering the smallness of the car, it is relatively roomy inside. 别看这辆汽车小，里面还比较宽敞。

[记忆法] 派生法：relate v.（1）讲述 （2）使有关系 related adj.有关系的，亲戚的，同种的 relation n.（1）家人（2）关系 relational n.关系词 relations n.二者之关系 relationship n.关系 relative adj.比较的，相对的 relativism n.相对主义，相对性 relativity n.相对论

38．observe [ ]vt.（1）观察，注意 [同]notice, view (2)遵守，奉行 [同]follow, celebrate (3)发表观点，评说 [同]remark, comment

[例句] The child observed a man pick up the wallet from the ground, look around him and slide it into his own pocket.这个孩子看见有一个男人从地上捡起钱包，向周围看了看，然后把它放百了自己的口袋。

[记忆法] 派生法：observable adj.看得见的，值得注意的 observance n.遵守，奉行 observant adj.善于观察的，机警的，小心遵奉（法律，习俗）的 observation n.观察，注意 observatory n.天文台 unobservant n.不注意的

[考点]习惯用法：observe sb.do看到某人做……（省略to）
observe(+节日)过……节
The Chinese still observe their traditional Mid Autumn Festival.中国人至今仍过他们的传统节日中秋节。
observe (to sb.)that对某人说……
The other day John observed to me that insomnia was no longer a problem to him.那天约翰和我说失眠对他来说已经不再是个问题了（即他不再失眠）。

[典型考题] Don't let one failure you ,try again. [A]
A. discourage B. obey C. obtain D. observe

[试题解析] 译文：勿因一次失败而气馁，再试试看。discourage使气馁，使沮丧；obey服从，听从摆布；obtain获得，得到；observe遵守，奉行，后三个词都不合原句意思，只有A是对的。

39．deduce [ ]vt.推论，演绎 [同]infer

[例句] From the fact that Socrates was a man and the principle that all men will die I deduced that Socrates would die.从苏格接班氏是人这一事实和凡人皆会死这一定理，我推论苏格拉底会死。

[记忆法]反义记忆：induction 归纳（与演绎deduction相反）联想记忆：reduce v.缩减 induce v.诱导 introduce v.介绍

[考点]介绍搭配：deduce from由……推论

40．principle n.(1)原则 [同]regulation (2)原理 [同]law（3）主义，信念 [同]belief

[例句] They agreed to the plan in principle, but there were several details they didn't like.他们原则上同意此项计划，但却不喜欢几处细节。
Such an usage as split infinitive should be avoided on principle, but it can be accepted in non-standard English.拆开不定式的做法原则上是应该避免的，但在不标准的英语中也可接受。

[记忆法]同音词辨析：principal adj.主要的 n.（某些高等院校或其他学校之）校长

[考点]辨析：in principle 和on principle
in principle原则上，大体上 On principle根据原则

41．flaw [ ]n. 错误

[例句] Jealousy is a great flaw in his character.嫉妒是他性格上的一大缺点。


[记忆法]辨析：error, mistake, fault, defect和flaw
error由于疏忽而导致的行动上的错误或偏差，含义为"错误，谬误。"
mistake在很多场合可与error互换，一般指由于缺乏正确判断、计算或理解而造成的错误，应用范围较广。
fault故障，指机械设备等出了毛病，不能正常工作，一般都可修复或纠正。
defect"表面上的缺陷"或人或物本性上的缺点
A hearing aid can help to overcome defects in hearing.（助听器有助于克服听觉上的缺陷）
flaw 瑕疵，裂纹，指结构或组织上的缺点，如破裂之处，用于比喻意时，指品格上的瑕疵。

42．pursue vt.(1)追赶，追逐 [同]chase (2)追求，从事 [同]follow, continue, seek

[例句] The police pursed the stolen vehicle along the motorway. 警察在高速公路上追赶被盗的汽车。
The growth of economy should not be pursued at the expense of environmental pollution.追求经济的增长不能以环境污染为代价。

[记忆法]与pursue具有同一词源的一组词：pursuit n.追赶，追求 pursuer n.追捕者 pursuance n.履行，执行 pursuant to prep.遵照，依据

[典型考题]Without guidance, we could not with the chapter, so we had to pause for the teacher. [A]
A. pursue B. pursuit C. persist D. push

[试题解析] 译文：没有指导那一章我们读不下去，我们只好停下等老师来。pursue与carry on同义，意为"继续下去"；pursuit名词，追求 其他两项不合题意。

43. take apart 拆开，卸下

[例句]：They have to take the machine apart to look for the problem.
他们只得把机器拆开来寻找问题所在。

[考点]习惯用法： take sth. apart，其中apart为副词；也可用于被动语态:
Once taken apart, the toy is hard to be pieced together.
这个玩具一旦拆开，就很难再安上了。

44．approach n.(1)接近，靠近 [反]withdrawal (2)途径，方法 [同]means, method, way v.接近，走近 [同]come close (to) 3) 小路

[例句] It is up to the manager to decide which approach to the problem is more cost effective.那种方法解决问题更为节省成本有效由经理决定
His approach to the problem sounds interesting.他解决问题的方法很有趣。
All approaches to the park were blocked after the explosion. 爆破之后，通往公园的小径都被堵死了
He is easy to approach. 他容易接近。

[记忆法]联想记忆：reproach n.& v.责任，谴责

45. work out (1)算出，做出，答出 （2）解决

[例句] Most of the students in this class have difficulty working out this complicate maths problem. 这个班上大多数同学都算不出这道复杂的数学题。
You have to work out the problem nicely and quickly.
你必须又快又好地解决这个问题。

46. solution n.（1）解决方法（to） (2)溶解 （3）溶液

[例句]Think hard and you will find the solution to the puzzle.努力想想，你会找到解决这个谜的办法的（即你会找到谜底的）。
A solution of salt in water 盐的水溶液
The solution of sugar in tea. 糖在茶中的溶解

[记忆法] 派生法：solution n.（如上） soluble adj. （1）可融解的 （2）可解决的 resolve (1)决定，下决心 （2）解决 resolvable adj.能解决的 resolution n.(1)决心，坚决，果断 （2）分解 resolute adj.果断的

47. capable adj.有能力的，有才能的 [同]competent, qualified

[例句] He is capable of doing such a difficult job.他有能力从事这种困难的工作。

[记忆法]辨析：ability, capability, power和capacity:
ability指个人通过学习获得的本领和技能，也可能个人做一般事情的能力，不可与of+动名词搭配，主语是有生命的。
capability一般用于集体做较大或较重要事情的能力，也可指个人潜在的能力、待发展的能力（常用复数）
He discovered his capabilities.他发现了他的潜在能力。
power其意义偏向于威力或效力等
Knowledge is power知识即力量。
capacity指人的学习、接受、理解等方面的能力或才能，也表示人的工作承担能力；亦指无生命事物的随，容纳，装载能力等。

[考点]习惯搭配：capable of doing sth.[正]capable to do sth.[误]
This smart young boy is capable of counting to 100.
这个聪明的小男孩能数到100。

[典型考题]He's not of learning English in three months. [A]
A. capable B. able C. interested D. efficient

[试题解析] 译文：他不可能三个月内学会英语。capable与of搭配，指有能力的；able表示能，一般后面跟不定式，不能与of连用；interest 一般与in连用；efficient往往指人胜某工作的本领或实力。

48．capable of能够做……（+动名词或名词）

[例句]：You cannot expect generosity from him who is only capable of mean things.
你不能指望他大方，他只会干小气下作的事。
或：You cannot expect generosity from him who is only able to do mean things.

[考点]注意: able to do sth.而不是able of (doing) sth.

49．household n.家庭，户 [同]family, house adj.家庭的，家常的 [同]domestic

[例句]There is light and laughter in every household on Christmas Eve.圣诞前夜每家都有灯光和笑声。
Einstein was so famous that his name has become a household word.爱因斯坦享有盛名，以至于他的名字已经家喻户晓。

[记忆法]复合构词法：householder n.户主，家长 housekeeper n.女管家，主妇 housemaid n.女仆 housewife n.家庭主妇 housework n.家务，家事

[典型考题]The government is striving to improve the . [D]
A. house B. housewife C. household D. housing

[试题解析] 译文：政府正加大力度改善住宅问题。housing住房（总称）；housewife家庭妇女；household一家，一户，一家人

50．civilized adj.文明的

[例句] Polite behavior is characteristic of a civilized country.礼貌的举止是文明社会的一个特征。

[记忆法]词根为civil,派生词为：civilian adj.平民的 civility n.期文，有礼 civilization n.文明 civilize v.教化，开导 civilly adv.期文地，有礼地

51．fortune n.(1)命运，运气 [同]luck, fate （2）财产，财富 [同]wealth, riches

[例句] He considers it his good fortune to have won her love. 他认为赢得她的爱是他的好运气。
There is a story on today's newspaper about how he made his fortune. 今天的报纸上刊登有他如何致富的故事。

[记忆法] 派生法：fortunate adj.幸运的 unfortunate adj.不幸的 fortunately adv.好运地，幸运地 unfortunately adv.不幸地；
复合构词法：fortune-teller n.看相的人，算命的人 fortune-telling n.算命，看相

[考点]习惯用语：
make a fortune突然发大财
He made a fortune during the gold rush and established his own mine of gold.他在淘金热中发了财，并建起了自己的金矿。

[典型考题]He made a decision when he went into advertising. [B]
A. lucky B. fortunate C. fragile D. fortune

[试题解析] 译文：当他投身于广告业时就算作出了一个交上好运的抉择。fortunate幸运的，多指由于某种有利的境遇，使人得到未曾预料到的成功或好的机遇；lucky更加强调意外或偶然原因而得到成功，本句并非强调很强的偶然性或意外性；fragile脆的，易碎的；fortune为名词，命运，运气

52．bewilder vt.迷惑，使湖涂 [同]puzzle, confuse

[例句] Big city traffic bewildered this country boy upon his first arrival here.大城市的交通使这个初来此地的乡下孩子迷惑。
或：This country boy was bewildered by the big city traffic upon his first arrival here.

[记忆法] 派生法：wilderness n.荒漠 bewilderment n.迷惑 bewildered adj.感到迷惑的 bewildering adj.使人迷惑的

[考点]习惯用法：bewilder只作及物动词用
如：He was bewildered.

53．statesman [ ]n.政治家 [同][politician]

[例句] Primer Zhou Enlai was a great statesman who was deeply loved by the people.周恩来总理是一个伟大的政治家，深受人民爱戴。

[记忆法]联想记忆：与statesman结构相似的复合词：townspeople n.镇上的人 [注]s能不省略。

[辨析]：statesman和politician：
politician指"政治家"，主要用作贬义，指运用计谋贪图私利的"政客"
People threw eggs and small stones at this notorious politician.群众向那个臭名昭著的政客投掷鸡蛋和小石子。
statesman指正派的"政治家"，不用作贬义

54. single out挑选，选出予以特殊对待

[例句] Because of her beautiful voice, she was singled out to lead the orchestra.
因为她噪音优美，她被挑出来领唱。

[考点]如果single out的宾语为人称代词，注意这个人称代词的位置是在single和out之间。
Teacher singled her out to represent the class to take part in the speech competition.
老师把她挑出来，让她代表班级参加演讲比赛。

[辨析] pick, chose, select与single out的区别:
pick挑选，采摘，摘取，与choose, select同义，但不及这两个确切，指一切无须做出决定，也无须区分的场合。
The farmers have picked the best seeds to sow.
农民们已挑选出最好的种子播种。
choose选择，挑选，选定，指从一批中选取一个或几个，该词强调做出抉择的行动，有时强调最终的决定。
Who shall we choose as team leader?
我们选谁当队长。
select选择，选拔，指从数件事物中择取（从二者中选择时用choose，不用select）表示区分、认真衡量选择的理由。
At the beginning of the trial, a great deal of time was spent selecting the jurors.
审判开庭之初，大量时间花在选择陪审员这件事上。
single out指从一群体或同类事物中为某种目的服务的挑选，往往只选中一个。
His book has been singled out to special praise.
他的书被单独提出表扬。